Grade by Grade
C. Chemical Reactions · Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Unit Review

A1.1 A1.2 A1.3 A1.4 A1.5 A1.6 A1.7 A1.8 A1.9 A1.10 A1.11 A1.12 A1.13 A2.1 A2.2 C1 C2 C3About 40 minutes
Learning goals
  • I can write and balance equations and classify reactions into the five types.
  • I can predict products for every reaction type, or decide there is no reaction.
  • I can identify products with standard tests and work safely in the lab.
  • I can analyse the impacts of industrial reactions and assess reaction-based solutions.

Words to know

synthesis / decomposition
Several reactants form one product / one compound breaks into simpler substances.
single / double displacement
An element replaces another in a compound / two compounds exchange ions.
complete / incomplete combustion
Burning with plenty of oxygen (CO₂ + H₂O) / with limited oxygen (CO and/or soot also form).
activity series / halogen series
Rankings of reactivity that predict whether a single displacement occurs.
precipitate
An insoluble solid formed when solutions are mixed.
neutralization
Acid + base → salt + water.

Let's review!

In this unit you sharpened your equation-writing skills, then learned the five types of reactions: synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement and combustion. For each type you learned rules to predict products: ion charges, oxide families, the activity and halogen series, the solubility table, gas-forming patterns, neutralization, and complete versus incomplete combustion. You practised lab skills: WHMIS safety, testing for products, planning an investigation and reporting results. Finally, you analysed industrial reactions that affect health and the environment and assessed chemical solutions such as scrubbers, liming and catalytic converters.

This review has questions from every lesson. Try each one, then press Show answer to check.

SynthesisA + B → ABmetal + non-metal → ionicoxide + water → base / acidDecompositionAB → A + Bcarbonate → oxide + CO₂chlorate → chloride + O₂Single displacementA + BC → AC + Bactivity serieshalogen seriesDouble displacementAB + CD → AD + CBprecipitate, gas or waterotherwise NRCombustionfuel + O₂plenty O₂: CO₂ + H₂Olimited: CO, C (soot)Applicationsindustry: SO₂, CO, CO₂solutions: scrubbers,converters, liming
The whole unit on one page: the five reaction types with their key rules, plus the real-world applications.

How to use this review

Do two or three sections at a time. Keep your periodic table, ion list, activity series, halogen series and solubility table beside you, just as you would on a test. For each prediction, say the reaction type out loud first. Write every formula from ion charges, include states, and balance. For every question you get wrong, write down why (wrong type? wrong formula? forgot NR? not balanced?) and go back to that lesson's worked examples. Finish with the 10-question quiz.

Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations

1

Balance: Al(s) + O₂(g) → Al₂O₃(s)

2

Balance: Ca(OH)₂(aq) + HNO₃(aq) → Ca(NO₃)₂(aq) + H₂O(l)

3

Write the balanced equation with states: solid sodium reacts with chlorine gas to form solid sodium chloride.

Five Types of Chemical Reactions

1

Classify: 2KI(aq) + Pb(NO₃)₂(aq) → PbI₂(s) + 2KNO₃(aq)

2

Classify: 2H₂O(l) → 2H₂(g) + O₂(g)

3

Classify, giving two types: C(s) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g)

Predicting Products: Synthesis Reactions

1

Predict and balance: magnesium + nitrogen.

2

Predict: lithium oxide + water.

3

Predict: carbon dioxide + water.

4

Predict: calcium oxide + sulfur dioxide.

Predicting Products: Decomposition Reactions

1

Predict and balance: heating sodium chlorate.

2

Predict: heating zinc carbonate.

3

Predict and balance: heating copper(II) hydroxide.

Single Displacement: Metals and the Activity Series

1

Predict or NR: Fe(s) + AgNO₃(aq) → (iron forms iron(II))

2

Predict or NR: Cu(s) + H₂SO₄(aq) → (dilute)

3

Predict: sodium + cold water.

Single Displacement: Halogens, and Planning an Activity-Series Inquiry

1

Predict or NR: Br₂(aq) + KCl(aq) →

2

Predict: chlorine + magnesium iodide solution.

3

Metal A reacts in 2 of the other metals' solutions, B in 0, C in 3 and D in 1. Rank them.

4

Name two controlled variables for a metal-ranking lab.

Double Displacement: Precipitation Reactions

1

Predict and balance: aqueous barium chloride + aqueous potassium sulfate.

2

Predict or NR: aqueous ammonium chloride + aqueous sodium nitrate.

3

Predict and balance: aqueous copper(II) sulfate + aqueous potassium hydroxide.

Double Displacement: Gas Formation and Neutralization

1

Predict: calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid.

2

Predict: sulfuric acid + sodium hydroxide.

3

Predict: ammonium chloride + potassium hydroxide (warmed).

Combustion: Complete and Incomplete

1

Balance the complete combustion of butane, C₄H₁₀.

2

Balance the incomplete combustion of ethane, C₂H₆, to carbon monoxide and water.

3

Give two differences between complete and incomplete combustion.

Investigating Reactions: Lab Safety and Testing the Products

1

Which test identifies hydrogen?

2

Write the limewater test equation.

3

A crucible of mass 20.13 g holds magnesium; together they have mass 20.37 g. After burning, the crucible + product has mass 20.53 g. Find the mass of oxygen that combined.

Predicting Products: Putting It All Together

1

Predict or NR: zinc + lead(II) nitrate solution.

2

Predict or NR: heating magnesium carbonate.

3

Predict or NR: silver nitrate + sodium iodide solutions.

4

Predict or NR: gold + hydrochloric acid.

Industrial Reactions, Health and Safety

1

Write the reaction that produces iron in a blast furnace.

2

Write the roasting of zinc sulfide, ZnS, to zinc oxide and sulfur dioxide.

3

Name a reliable Canadian source of data about pollutant releases from large facilities.

Chemical Reactions That Solve Problems

1

Write a scrubber reaction using limestone.

2

Why does a catalytic converter not reduce carbon dioxide emissions?

3

Is liming a lake a treatment of the cause or the symptom of acid rain? Explain.

reaction productproblemsolutionSO₂ from smeltingacid rainscrubbers, acid plants, limingCO from incomplete combustionpoisoningventing, maintenance, CO alarmsCO and NO in car exhaustsmog, healthcatalytic convertersCO₂ from fuels and cementclimate changeefficiency, low-carbon energy
Problems caused by reaction products, and the chemical solutions you assessed. Notice that many solutions are themselves chemical reactions.
Just for fun

A chemistry student's favourite part of any unit review? The products. (Close second: the reactions of their friends when they explain why toast browning is not on the test.)

Check your understanding

Quiz

1.

Which equation is balanced?

2.

CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂ is which type of reaction?

3.

What is the product of SO₃ + H₂O?

4.

Which metal will NOT react with hydrochloric acid?

5.

Which halogen displacement occurs?

6.

Mixing aqueous lead(II) nitrate and potassium iodide produces:

7.

Which gas forms when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydrogen carbonate?

8.

Incomplete combustion is most likely when:

9.

A glowing splint relights in a gas. The gas is:

10.

Which solution removes sulfur dioxide before it reaches the air?

For parents and teachers

Use the review to find which lesson needs another look:

  • Unbalanced equations or wrong formulas → Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations (and the ion list).
  • Wrong reaction type → Five Types of Chemical Reactions.
  • Wrong products for oxides, metals with non-metals → Synthesis Reactions.
  • Wrong products of heating carbonates, hydroxides, chlorates or hydrates → Decomposition Reactions.
  • Forgetting NR, or wrong metal displacement → Metals and the Activity Series; halogen errors or lab-design questions → Halogens, and Planning an Activity-Series Inquiry.
  • Precipitate errors → Precipitation Reactions (solubility table).
  • Writing H₂CO₃ or NH₄OH as final products, or wrong salt formulas → Gas Formation and Neutralization.
  • Combustion balancing or CO questions → Complete and Incomplete Combustion.
  • Gas tests, significant digits, safety → Lab Safety and Testing the Products.
  • Mixed predictions → Putting It All Together.
  • Industry, sources and impacts → Industrial Reactions, Health and Safety; assessing solutions → Chemical Reactions That Solve Problems.

Next, your teen will use balanced equations to calculate amounts of reactants and products in the Quantities in Chemical Reactions unit.