Grade by Grade
A–B. Health and Safety; Technological Development, Impacts, and Careers · Technology Fundamentals, Safety and Connections

Technology Fundamentals, Safety and Connections: Unit Review

A1.1 A1.7 A4.1 A4.2 A4.3 A4.4 A4.5 A4.6 B1.1 B1.2 B1.3 B1.4 B2.1 B2.2 B2.3 B3.1 B3.2 B3.3 B3.4About 40 minutes
Learning goals
  • I can describe the ten broad-based technology areas and the fundamental technological concepts.
  • I can apply health and safety rules, assess risk and handle materials safely.
  • I can analyse how needs, considerations and impacts shape technology, including contributions of diverse Canadians and First Nations, Métis and Inuit communities.
  • I can describe careers, transferable skills, programs and pathways in technology and the skilled trades.

Words to know

technology
Using knowledge, tools, materials and processes to solve problems or meet needs.
fundamental technological concepts
Key ideas like function, material, ergonomics and control used in every technology area.
hierarchy of controls
Elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, PPE.
WHMIS
Canada's system of labels, safety data sheets and training for hazardous products at work.
impact
An effect of a technology on people, communities, the economy or the environment.
transferable skills
Skills used in many jobs, such as communication and problem solving.
apprenticeship
Learning a trade mostly on the job, plus in-school training.

Let's review!

In this unit you learned what technology is and explored Ontario's ten broad-based technology areas and the fundamental technological concepts used to describe and develop products and services. You learned health and safety law, how to spot hazards and control risk, how to use PPE, tools and safety devices with a safety mindset, how to protect your physical and mental well-being, and how to handle, store and dispose of materials safely. Then you connected technology to the world: how needs drive technology, the legal, ethical, social, economic and environmental lenses, Canadian innovators, First Nations, Métis and Inuit approaches to problem solving, impacts on people, the environment, the economy and jobs, how impacts shape emerging technologies, and careers, transferable skills, programs and pathways.

This review has a few questions from every lesson. Try each one, then press Show answer to check.

The big picture of this unitFUNDAMENTALS10 broad-based areas13 fundamentaltechnological conceptsproducts, services,processesSAFETYOHSA rights and dutieshazards and riskPPE and safety deviceswell-beingWHMIS and wasteCONNECTIONSneeds and five lensesCanadian innovatorsFirst Nations, Métisand Inuit approachesimpacts on people,planet and jobscareers and pathways
The unit in three parts: fundamentals, safety and connections.
The 13 fundamental technological conceptsFunctionStructureMaterialAestheticsErgonomicsSafetyMechanismPower and energyControlSystemsFabricationInnovationSustainabilityLesson 2 covered the first six; lesson 3 the other seven (Sustainability = environmental sustainability).
The thirteen fundamental technological concepts. Can you define each one in your own words?

What Is Technology? The Ten Broad-Based Technology Areas

1

Is a guided canoe tour a product or a service? Which area is it in?

2

Name the area for each: (a) installing a furnace, (b) designing a logo, (c) repairing a snowmobile.

3

Explain why technology is more than electronics, with two examples.

Fundamental Technological Concepts I: Function, Structure, Material, Aesthetics, Ergonomics and Safety

1

Which concept: (a) a non-slip handle shaped to fit the hand, (b) a jacket's bright colour, (c) the steel chosen for a wrench?

2

Describe the conceptual structure of a service you know.

3

Explain one design choice on a winter boot using two concepts.

Fundamental Technological Concepts II: Mechanism, Power, Control, Systems, Fabrication, Innovation and Sustainability

1

Is a basic toaster timer open-loop or closed-loop control? Why?

2

Name the power source and one mechanism in a hand-crank egg beater.

3

Give one change that would make a kitchen appliance more environmentally sustainable.

4

What is the difference between invention and innovation?

Health and Safety Law: Rights and Responsibilities at School and Work

1

Name the three rights of workers in Ontario.

2

A 15-year-old is offered a job in a restaurant kitchen. Is that legal in Ontario?

3

Who must make sure workers use the PPE required: the employer, supervisor or worker?

Spotting Hazards and Controlling Risk

1

Put these controls in order from most to least effective: PPE, elimination, administrative, substitution, engineering.

2

Score this risk: likelihood 1, severity 3.

3

Classify: (a) hair dye fumes, (b) blood in a clinic, (c) stress from a heavy workload.

Using Tools Safely: PPE, Safety Devices and a Safety Mindset

1

Why must you never wear gloves at a drill press?

2

What is lockout/tagout for?

3

Give one industry-specific safety procedure from hospitality and one from transportation.

Healthy Bodies and Minds: Ergonomics, Lifting and Well-Being

1

Describe two features of a healthy seated workstation.

2

What should you do instead of twisting while carrying a box?

3

Name one free, confidential place a teen can get support 24/7.

Handling, Storing and Disposing of Materials: WHMIS and Waste

1

What are the three parts of WHMIS?

2

On a consumer product, what does an upside-down triangle frame mean?

3

Where should leftover motor oil go?

Needs Drive Technology: Users, Solutions and the Factors Behind Them

1

Write a need statement for someone who cannot reach high kitchen shelves.

2

Give one new need created by electric vehicles.

3

Name one social, one economic and one environmental factor that drives technology.

Five Lenses: Legal, Ethical, Social, Economic and Environmental Considerations

1

Which lens: (a) a building permit, (b) a fair price for customers, (c) whether an app tracks users without telling them?

2

How long can a Canadian patent last?

3

Give one trade-off between two lenses.

Canadian Innovators: Women, Diverse Communities and First Nations, Métis and Inuit Contributions

1

What did Joseph-Armand Bombardier develop?

2

Name one woman innovator from this unit and her contribution.

3

Why should key facts be checked in two sources?

First Nations, Métis and Inuit Approaches to Technological Problem Solving

1

Explain how the Three Sisters work as a system.

2

Why could a Red River cart be repaired on the trail?

3

Give two steps for gathering knowledge respectfully from a community.

Impacts of Technology on People and Everyday Life

1

Give a short-term and a long-term impact of cars on society.

2

What is the digital divide?

3

Is "misinformation spreading quickly online" a positive or negative impact on society?

Technology, the Environment and the Economy: Local and Global Impacts

1

List the five life-cycle stages.

2

Give one job that automation reduces and one it creates.

3

Give one local and one global impact of a new battery plant.

How Impacts Shape What Comes Next: Emerging Technologies

1

What did the Montreal Protocol (1987) phase out?

2

Explain the Collingridge dilemma in one sentence.

3

Name two emerging technologies.

Careers in Technology and the Skilled Trades, and Your Transferable Skills

1

Name two careers in health care and two in manufacturing.

2

Name four of Ontario's seven transferable skills.

3

Give evidence for one of your own transferable skills.

Programs and Pathways into Technology and the Skilled Trades

1

Name the four postsecondary destinations.

2

What share of an apprenticeship is usually in-school training?

3

Name one in-school and one community-based program that lead to the trades.

4

Is hairstylist a compulsory or voluntary trade in Ontario?

Just for fun

Final riddle: What has 10 areas, 13 concepts, 3 worker rights and 7 transferable skills, and fits in one Grade 9 head?

You, after this unit.

How to use this review

Do the questions without looking back first. Mark any you got wrong or were unsure of, then reread that lesson's explanation and examples before trying its practice sets again. Finish with the quiz. If you score 8 or more out of 10, you are ready to move on.

Check your understanding

Quiz

1.

Which is a service?

2.

A thermostat that measures room temperature and switches the furnace is an example of...

3.

Which is not one of the three worker rights in Ontario?

4.

Which control is the most effective?

5.

On a consumer product, an octagon frame means...

6.

The curb-cut effect describes...

7.

Who was the first woman in Canada to earn an electrical engineering degree?

8.

Two-Eyed Seeing was described by...

9.

Which life-cycle stage includes recycling?

10.

About what share of an apprenticeship is paid learning on the job?

For parents and teachers

Use the review to find which lessons need another look:

  • Mixing up products and services or the ten areas: revisit What Is Technology?
  • Trouble naming or explaining concepts: revisit Fundamental Technological Concepts I (function to safety) or II (mechanism to sustainability, including open- and closed-loop control).
  • Rights, duties, minimum ages: Health and Safety Law.
  • Choosing PPE first instead of higher controls, or risk scores: Spotting Hazards and Controlling Risk.
  • Gloves, guards, lockout or industry procedures: Using Tools Safely.
  • Posture, lifting or stress strategies: Healthy Bodies and Minds.
  • Label symbols, WHMIS or disposal: Handling, Storing and Disposing of Materials.
  • Need statements or new needs: Needs Drive Technology; one-sided analyses: Five Lenses.
  • Innovator facts and research skills: Canadian Innovators; respectful consultation and traditional technologies: First Nations, Métis and Inuit Approaches.
  • Impact sorting, life cycles, jobs and emerging technology: the three impacts lessons.
  • Careers, skills and pathways: Careers and Programs and Pathways.

A score of 8 or more on the quiz shows good understanding.