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A. New France and British North America, 1713–1800 · New France and British North America, 1713 to 1800

New France and British North America, 1713 to 1800: Unit Review

A1 A2 A3About 40 minutes
Learning goals
  • I can describe key events, people and developments from 1713 to 1800 and explain their impact.
  • I can explain these events from several perspectives, including First Nations, Métis, Inuit, French, British, Black and women's perspectives.
  • I can use the inquiry process and the historical thinking concepts.
  • I can connect challenges from this period to Canada today.

Words to know

primary source
A source made at the time of the events.
historical perspective
Seeing the past through the eyes of people who lived it.
Royal Proclamation of 1763
The order that recognized First Nations land rights and said only the Crown could obtain their land, by agreement.
Quebec Act (1774)
The law that protected the Catholic faith, French civil law and the seigneurial system in Quebec.
Loyalist
A person who stayed loyal to Britain in the American Revolution.
Constitutional Act (1791)
The law that created Upper and Lower Canada with elected assemblies.

Let's review!

In this unit you travelled from 1713 to 1800. You learned to think like a historian; explored life in New France and the role of First Nations, Métis and Inuit; learned the truth about slavery in New France and the story of Marie-Joseph Angélique; studied the Acadian Expulsion, the Seven Years' War, Pontiac's resistance, the Royal Proclamation and the Treaty of Niagara, the Quebec Act, the American Revolution, the Loyalists and the Black Loyalists, and the creation of Upper and Lower Canada, including Chloe Cooley, the 1793 Act and Richard Pierpoint. Finally, you ran your own inquiry.

This review has a few questions from every lesson. Try each one, then press Show answer to check. If a part feels tricky, go back to that lesson.

1713Treaty of Utrecht1734Montreal fire; Angélique’s trial1755Expulsion of the Acadians begins1759Battle of the Plains of Abraham1763Treaty of Paris; Pontiac; Royal Proclamation1764Treaty of Niagara1774Quebec Act1776United States declares independence1783Loyalists and Black Loyalists arrive1791Constitutional Act: Upper and Lower Canada1792Voyage to Sierra Leone1793Act to Limit Slavery; York chosen
Key events of the unit in order, from 1713 to the 1790s (evenly spaced, not to scale). Can you name the lesson each event comes from?
1713New France1763Province of Quebec1774Quebec enlarged1791Two CanadasFrenchruleBritish rule;small areaBritish rule;Great Lakes,Ohio ValleyUpperLowerCanadaCanada
How the colony along the St. Lawrence changed in four steps (boxes are symbols, not maps). Each change came with new rules about law, land and government.

Thinking Like a Historian: North America in 1713

1

What did Britain gain in the Treaty of Utrecht (1713)?

2

Is a wampum belt from a 1764 council a primary or secondary source?

3

Name the four historical thinking concepts.

Life in New France, 1713 to 1760

1

What was the seigneurial system?

2

Who was Marie-Anne Barbel?

3

Give one continuity and one change from New France to today.

Nations, Allies and Partners: First Nations, Métis and Inuit, 1713 to 1760

1

Did the Peace and Friendship Treaties give up land?

2

Where did Métis communities grow in this period?

3

Why did both France and Britain depend on First Nations?

Slavery in New France and the Story of Marie-Joseph Angélique

1

About how many people were enslaved in New France and the colony that followed, and who were they?

2

Why do historians disagree about whether Angélique set the 1734 fire?

3

What did Article 47 of the 1760 surrender allow?

Le Grand Dérangement: The Expulsion of the Acadians

1

Give two causes of the Acadian Expulsion.

2

About how many Acadians were deported from 1755 to 1763?

3

How is the Expulsion remembered each year?

The Seven Years' War and the Fall of New France

1

What happened on 13 September 1759?

2

Give one reason Britain won the war.

3

What did France keep after the Treaty of Paris (1763)?

After the Conquest: Pontiac, the Royal Proclamation and the Treaty of Niagara

1

Why did Pontiac lead resistance in 1763?

2

What did the Royal Proclamation say about First Nations land?

3

What happened at the Treaty of Niagara (1764)?

The Quebec Act, 1774

1

Name two terms of the Quebec Act.

2

Why were the Thirteen Colonies angry about it?

3

Did the Quebec Act protect the French language?

The American Revolution: Choosing Sides

1

What did the Philipsburg Proclamation (1779) promise?

2

How did most Canadiens respond to the American invasion of 1775?

3

Why did Joseph Brant and other Haudenosaunee feel betrayed in 1783?

The Loyalists Arrive: New Homes on First Nations Lands

1

Name the colony created in 1784 for Loyalists.

2

What was the Haldimand Proclamation?

3

Whose land did Loyalists settle north of Lake Ontario?

Black Loyalists: Birchtown, Broken Promises and the Voyage to Sierra Leone

1

What is the Book of Negroes?

2

Name two barriers faced by Black Loyalists in Nova Scotia.

3

What happened on 15 January 1792?

Two Canadas: The Constitutional Act, Simcoe and the Fight Against Slavery in Upper Canada

1

What did the Constitutional Act (1791) create?

2

How did Chloe Cooley's resistance lead to change?

3

What did the 1794 Petition of Free Negroes ask for, and what happened?

Be a Historian: An Inquiry into Perspectives, 1713 to 1800

1

What are the five steps of the inquiry process?

2

What makes a conclusion strong?

3

Give one connection between this unit and Canada today.

Just for fun

Review riddle: I was signed in 1713, in 1763 and again in 1783, but I'm not a birthday card. What am I?

A treaty! (Utrecht, Paris, and Paris again.)

How to use this review

  1. Answer each question out loud or on paper before you open the answer.
  2. Mark each one ✓ (got it), ~ (partly) or ✗ (missed it).
  3. For any lesson with two or more ~ or ✗, reread that lesson's explanations and redo its Your turn questions.
  4. Add any events you are missing to your giant timeline from Lesson 1.
  5. Then take the quiz. For history, a good answer often needs a reason or evidence, not just a date.
Check your understanding

Quiz

1.

Which treaty in 1713 gave Acadia to Britain?

2.

Why were farms in New France long and narrow?

3.

Which statement about slavery in New France is true?

4.

What did Acadians want instead of an unconditional oath?

5.

When did New France surrender at Montreal?

6.

According to the Royal Proclamation of 1763, who could obtain First Nations land?

7.

Which was a term of the Quebec Act (1774)?

8.

What did the Haldimand Proclamation (1784) do?

9.

Where did about 1 200 Black Loyalists go in 1792?

10.

What did the 1793 Act to Limit Slavery do?

For parents and teachers

Big idea: This review covers the whole unit (A1, A2, A3). Use the results to decide what to revisit:

  • Mixes up primary and secondary sources, or the four thinking concepts: revisit Thinking Like a Historian (Lesson 1) and Be a Historian (Lesson 13).
  • Unsure about daily life, seigneurs and habitants: revisit Life in New France.
  • Describes First Nations only as helpers of Europeans, or treats treaties as old history: revisit Nations, Allies and Partners and After the Conquest.
  • Thinks slavery did not exist in Canada, or that 1760 or 1793 ended it: revisit Slavery in New France and Two Canadas.
  • Mixes up causes and consequences of the Expulsion: revisit Le Grand Dérangement.
  • Thinks the Plains of Abraham ended the war: revisit The Seven Years' War.
  • Confuses the Royal Proclamation (1763), Quebec Act (1774) and Constitutional Act (1791): reread all three lessons and add them to the timeline side by side.
  • Thinks all Loyalists were wealthy English-speaking men: revisit The American Revolution, The Loyalists Arrive and Black Loyalists.
  • Gives conclusions without evidence: revisit Be a Historian.

Tip: History answers improve when your child adds a because. Ask "Why?" or "How do you know?" after each answer.