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B. Life Systems · Human Organ Systems

Human Organ Systems: Unit Review

B1.1 B1.2 B1.3 B2.1 B2.2 B2.3 B2.4 A1.1 A1.2 A1.3 A1.4 A1.5 A2.1 A2.2 A3.1 A3.2 A3.3About 40 minutes
Learning goals
  • I can describe the structure and function of the major human organ systems and their organs.
  • I can explain how body systems depend on each other.
  • I can name diseases and disorders and the systems they affect.
  • I can assess factors, technologies and food choices that affect human health.

Words to know

organ system
A group of organs that work together to do one big job.
alveoli
Tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen enters the blood.
artery / vein / capillary
Carries blood away from the heart / back to the heart / exchanges materials with cells.
digestion
Breaking food down into nutrients the body can use.
kidneys
Organs that filter wastes from the blood and make urine.
reflex
A fast, automatic reaction controlled by the spinal cord.
tendon / ligament
Joins muscle to bone / joins bone to bone.
% Daily Value
5% or less is a little; 15% or more is a lot.

Let's review!

In this unit you explored the human organ systems: how cells build tissues, organs and systems; the respiratory, circulatory, digestive, excretory, nervous and musculoskeletal systems; how the systems work together; and diseases and disorders that affect them. You also looked at how social and environmental factors, technologies and food choices affect your health. Along the way you ran fair tests, designed models, wrote code and did research, just like scientists and engineers.

This review has a few questions from every lesson. Try each one, then press Show answer to check.

YOUorganismrespiratoryoxygen in, CO2 outcirculatorycarries it all arounddigestivefood into nutrientsexcretoryremoves wastesnervouscontrols and sensesmusculoskeletalsupports, moves
The six systems you studied and their main jobs. They all work together to keep the whole organism, you, alive.
airnosetracheabronchibronchiolesalveolibloodfoodmouthesophagusstomachsmall int.large int.rectumanusurinekidneysuretersbladderurethra
Three paths to know: the path of air, the path of food, and the path of urine. Trace each one with your finger and say it out loud.

Cells, Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems

1

Put in order from smallest to biggest: organ system, cell, organ, tissue.

2

Which system breaks food into nutrients?

3

In a front-view body diagram, which side of the picture is the person's left?

4

Where is the liver: under the diaphragm on the right, or on the left?

The Respiratory System: Breathing In and Out

1

Trace the path of air from the nose to the blood.

2

What does the diaphragm do when you breathe out?

3

You count 12 breaths in 30 seconds. What is your breathing rate per minute?

The Circulatory System: Heart, Blood and Blood Vessels

1

Which side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?

2

What is the difference between an artery and a vein?

3

You count 19 beats in 15 seconds. What is your heart rate?

4

What do platelets do?

The Digestive System: From Food to Fuel

1

List the path of food through the digestive system.

2

Is the stomach churning food mechanical or chemical digestion?

3

Where are most nutrients absorbed into the blood?

The Excretory System: Removing Wastes

1

Name the urinary organs in order.

2

Besides the kidneys, name two organs that remove wastes, and the waste each removes.

3

Why is filtered muddy water not safe to drink?

The Nervous System: The Body's Control Centre

1

Which part of the brain controls balance?

2

Why is a reflex so fast?

3

Ruler drop results: 9, 11, 10, 12, 8 cm. Find the average.

Bones, Muscles and Joints: The Musculoskeletal System

1

Name two jobs of the skeleton.

2

What is the difference between a tendon and a ligament?

3

Why do muscles work in pairs?

Body Systems Working Together

1

How do the digestive and circulatory systems work together?

2

Why does your heart beat faster when you breathe faster during exercise?

3

In the body program, heartRate is 110 and the answer is "no". What is heartRate now?

When Body Systems Need Help: Diseases and Disorders

1

Name a disease of the digestive system and the organ it affects.

2

Can you catch diabetes from someone?

3

Who discovered how to use insulin to treat diabetes, and where?

What Affects Our Health? Social and Environmental Factors

1

Name one environmental and one social factor that affects health.

2

The AQHI is 8. What should a person with asthma do?

3

Give one way to reduce the harm of strong sun.

Technology and Our Health: Helpful and Harmful

1

Name a technology that helps the excretory system.

2

Give one harmful effect of screens and one way to reduce it.

3

What do the letters in a PMI chart stand for?

Food Literacy: Smart Choices for Body and Mind

1

A cereal has 16% DV sugars. A little or a lot?

2

Which mineral helps bones, and which helps red blood cells?

3

Give one kitchen safety rule.

Just for fun

Riddle: I have 206 bones, more than 600 muscles, about 5 litres of blood, and I just finished a whole unit on organ systems. What am I?

You (well, a grown-up you)! Give your hard-working systems a high five.

How to use this review

Do two or three sections at a time. Say or write your answer before you press Show answer. If you miss more than one question in a section, go back to that lesson and do its practice again. Use your body map from the first lesson to point to each organ as you review. Then try the quiz at the end.

Check your understanding

Quiz

1.

Which list goes from smallest to biggest?

2.

Oxygen passes into the blood in the...

3.

Which blood vessels carry blood back to the heart?

4.

Most nutrients are absorbed in the...

5.

Urine is stored in the...

6.

Which part of the nervous system is protected by the vertebrae?

7.

To straighten your elbow, which muscle contracts?

8.

Which disease affects the respiratory system?

9.

Which is a social factor that affects health?

10.

A food label shows 3% DV sodium. That is...

For parents and teachers

Use the review to find which ideas need more practice.

Which lesson to revisit:

  • Mixes up cells, tissues, organs and systems, or puts organs in the wrong place → Cells, Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems (redo the body map).
  • Gets the path of air wrong or thinks the lungs pull air in by themselves → The Respiratory System.
  • Mixes up arteries and veins or the heart's two sides → The Circulatory System.
  • Confuses the order of digestive organs or mechanical and chemical digestion → The Digestive System.
  • Mixes up ureter and urethra, or thinks the kidneys are in front → The Excretory System.
  • Confuses parts of the brain or misreads the ruler-drop results → The Nervous System.
  • Mixes up tendons and ligaments or thinks muscles push → Bones, Muscles and Joints.
  • Describes systems separately without connections, or mis-traces the code → Body Systems Working Together.
  • Thinks all diseases are contagious → When Body Systems Need Help.
  • Sees factors as only good or only bad → What Affects Our Health?
  • Evaluates technology from only one point of view → Technology and Our Health.
  • Misreads % Daily Value or forgets serving size → Food Literacy.